Carburetor



July.7, 1931. F. A. KlRsTATTER CARBURETR Filed May 13. 1926 2 Sheets-'ASheet l Julyl 7, 1931. F. A. KlRsTA'rTER l 1,813,406

GARBURETOR Filed May 15. 1926 2 sheets-sheet 2 I N VEN TOR.

FRANK A. KIRSTATTER ATTORNEY.

Vin acarburetor: means for admitting airf low.

tion is 'not-limited to the specific forms there- Patented July 7, 1931 UNITED sifa'res Para onirica' FRANK AfKIRSTATTER OF AKRON,` OHIO CARBURETOR Application led'May 13,

.air into fthe engine.

A particular object of the. inventionl is to provide means adapted to be heated by eX- haust gases from the engine to gasify the fuel in the carburetor.

A further particular object is to provide in a carburetor a heated jacket and means for causing liquid fuel towimpinge against the Walls of the jacket so as to be gasilied.

A further particular object is to provide adapted to impart a whirling motion thereto.

to use of fuel-underpressure.

tained'by the constructions illustrated in the accompanyingV drawings and describedy be- It is to be understood that the invenof asshown and described.

Offthe accompanying drawings, Figure 11s a sectional plan through a carburetor embodying the invention;

fFigure2 is a section on line 2-2 of Figj ure 1;

Figure 3 is a section on line 3 3 of Fig- Figure 4 is a side elevationlthereof, partly in section -Figure 5 is a sectional plan through a modified form of carburetor embodying the invent-ion;

-` Figure is a section on linel 6-6 of Figure 5- l 4 Figure" 7 is a detail sectional plan illustrating another modified form of the invention;

Figure 8 is a side'elevationof a carburetor f@ adapted' for use of fuel underpressure;

l Figure 1() is a detail sectionl on line 10-10 1 kerosene, 114 projecting into duct 13 and having aper- 1926. Serial No. 108,782.

valve;

Figure 11 is a section on line 11--11 of Figure 8; and

Figure 12` isa section on line 12 Figure 11.

VReferring to the drawings, 10 represents the casing of a carburetor in `which is mountof `Figure 9 is an automatic fuel flow control ed aheating jacket 11 `providedwitli heat-absorbing fins 12, 12 and having a duct 13 therein .into which liquid fuel, suchas gasoline, etc., may be delivered: by a nozzle tures 15, 15 for directing the fuel against the vwall of jacket 11, supply of fuel to nozzle 14..y

being maintained through a needle valve 16 which is adjustable by thumb screw 19. Heat ;radiating fins 17 arey provided between the Af further object of the invention is to provide, in combination4 with a carburetor, f regulating means for adapting the carburetor jacket 11` and valve 16 to prevent heating of the valve which would boil the entering fuel andresult in improper metering. The-nuy l meral 20 indicates the usual float chamber to The foregoing and other objects yare 'obwhich the fuel may be supplied at 21 through the valve 22 controlled by lever 23 which is operated by float 24. A duct 25 connects chamber 20 to valve 16.

y'Jacket 11 may be *heated in any suitable Way. Preferably casing y10 is provided with ari-inlet 26 and an outlet 27, whereby exhaust gases from the engine may be circulated through casing 10 about jacket 11.

Duct 13 empties through a converging constricted outlet 13L into inixingchainber 28 into which air may bef drawnthrough tangentially `directed apertures 29, 29 adapted toimpart af whirling movement thereto. vA choke may be provided'in the form of a sleeve 30 provided with apertures 31 adapted to be normally held aligned with apertures 29 by means of atensilespring32 and rotatable by means of a control wire 33 to vary the size ofthe air inlets as will be understood. The chamber 28 empties into the intake manifold (not shown) and the rate of which the combustible mixture is delivered'thereto is ycontrolled by throttle 34. The constricted outlet 13a stabilizes the action of the carburetor by creating a substantial pressure differencew between the mixing chamber andduct 13 which dampens the suction impulses.

ln Figures 5 and 6, the above construction is modied by the provision of a nozzle 14 with outlets 15, 15 and having outwardly flared sections 142, 142 adapted to cause the fluid fuel to impinge against the inner wall of jacket 1l which is roughened or corrugated as at 11.

In Figure 7, another modified form calls for the use of a nozzle 14a having inlets 14h, 14b adjacent the wall of jacket 11 and having a. helical rib 14c formed thereon for causing the liquid fuel to impinge against the wall of jacket 11.

In Figures 8 to 12, means are shown for supplying the above carburetor with liquid fuel under pressure. To this end the float chamber 2O and its contained parts are dispensed with and a supply control valve 35 is provided, this valve being adapted by means of spring 36 normally to close a fuel inlet duct 37, but being adapted to be opened by the engine suction by means of a diaphragm 33 connected thereto and which has the side thereof opposite from the valve placed in communication with the intake manifold (not shown) by a conduit 39 connected at 40 to the carburetor beyond the throttle 34. The valve 35 thus is arranged to connect duct 37 with duct 25 leading to the carburetor proper.

The flow of fuclto the gasifying nozzle and mixing chamber is automatically regulated by a valve 41 normally urged to an engine-idling position by a spring 42 adjustable by means of a screw 43, valve 41 being limited in said position by plug 44 adjust-ably carrying said valve as shown. Flug 44 is mounted on a diaphragm 45, the side of which opposite the valve is connected by a conduit 46 to chamber 23 of the carburetor at 46a in advance of throttle 34 so that the suction in chamber 28 will be effective on diaphragm 45. The side of diaphragm 45 adjacent valve 41 is preferably subjected to the pressure of the fluid fuel in communication therewith through a duct 47.

In operation of the forms shown in Figures 1 to 7, the gasolene is drawn into the carburetor in the usual way and is impinged against the wall of jacket 11, which, being heated by the exhaust gases, gasifies the fuel before its admission to the mixing chamber 28. The gaseous fuel is emitted through outlet 13a into chamber 28 into which air is drawn with a whirling action which serves thoroughly to mix the gaseous fuel and air which is delivered t-o the engine in condition for combustion as a. preheated mixture of true gases rather than as air carrying finely divided liquid fuel as is customary. This greatly improves the elhciency of the motor and reduces gasoline consumption.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 8 to 12, the starting of the motor opens valve 35 which is normally closed to preventloss of fuel, but which is adapted to be opened by the engine suction. The flow of fuel to the carburetor is automatically regulated by Valve 4l which opens and closes in accordance with variations in suction in chamber 28 and which is accordingly subject to the throttle control.

In all forms of the invention, the tubular member used for vaporizing is both comparatively small in diameter and also short with respect to the intake opening controlled by the throttle valve to provide a small vaporizing chamber in order that the proportioning of the mixture will not be affected by sudden changes of load whereby effective vaporization of all the fuel is secured and whereby a pressure regulator may be dispensed with. In a carburetor having a large vaporizing chamber the sudden opening of the throttle causes a rich mixture in the absence of special regulatingmeans because the pressure in the vaporizing chamber would not drop rapidly.'

Modifications of the invention may be resorted to without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of the appended claims. j

That is claimed is:

1. A carburetor comprising a casing, a'

jacket having a duct therethrough for vaporizing liquid fuel, said jacket being provided with heat absorbing fins, means for conducting exhaust gases through the casing about the jacket, means for supplying a liquid fueli within the acket and causing it to impinge against the wall of said duct so as to be gasified, a mixing chamber arranged to receive the gasified fuel, said chamber having an air inlet therein so directed as to impart a whirli-ng motion to the gases in the chamber, said duct in said jacket being small as compared with the throttle opening, a throttle controlling delivery of the combustible mixture from the chamber, a diaphragm valve for controlling supply of liquid fuel to the carburetor, means normally closing the valve, means connecting one side of the diaphragm of said valve directly to the engine suction for opening said valve, a second diaphragm valve for controlling the flow of liquid fuel through the carburetor, means normally holding the valve in an engine-idling position, and means connecting one side of the diaphragm of said second valve to the throttle-controlled suc tion in the carburetor.v

2. A carburetor comprising a casing, a jacket in the casing provided with heat absorbing fins and with a duct in which the livery of the combustible mixture from the chamber, said duct in said acket being small as compared with the throttle opening.

3. A carburetor comprising a casing, a jacket in the casing, said jacket having a duct therein in which t-he fuel is gasiied, means for conducting exhaust gases through the casing about the jacket, means for supplying a liquid fuel Within the jacket and causing it to impinge against the Wall thereof so as to be gasified, a mixing chamber arranged to receive the gasified fuel, said duct being straight and aligned with said mixing chamber, said chamber having an air inlet therein so directed as to impart a whirling motion to the gases in the chamber, and a throttle controlling delivery of the combustible mixture from the chamber, said duct being small as compared With the throttle opening.

1. A carburetor comprising a casing, a jacket in the casing, means for conducting exhaust gases through the casing about the jacket, said jacket having a duct therein in which liquid fuel is delivered, means causing the fuel to impinge against the Wall of said duct so as to be gasilied, said means having a valve controlling said supply, said valve being adapted to be opened by suction, a mixing chamber arranged to receive the gasified fuel, said duct being straight and smaller in diameter than the mixing chamber, said chamber having an air inlet therein, and a throttle controlling delivery of the combustible mixture from the chamber.

5. A carburetor comprising a casing, a tubular member in the casing provided With heat absorbing fins, means for conducting exhaust gases through the casing about the tubular member, a needle valve to meter the liq uid fuel to the tubular member, means to prevent the conduction of heat from the casing to the needle valve, means to cause the liquid fuel to impinge against the Wall of the tubular member, a converging nozzle at the outer end of said tubular member, a mixing chamber to receiveV the gasified fuel and air, said chamber having an air inlet so directed as to vimpart a whirling motion to the gases, and a throttle controlling delivery of the combustible mixture from the chamber.

6. In combination, a mixing chamber, a needle valve actuated by a diaphragm to proportion the admission of liquid fuel to the air entering the mixing chamber, one side of said diaphragm being connected With the mixing chamber, a tubular member to receive the liquid fuel, means to heat said tubular member, means to cause the liquid fuel to contact With the Walls of said tubular member, a converging nozzle in the outlet end of said tubular member, means to prevent the conduction of heat to the needle valve, and a valve to vary the flow of combustible mixture from the mixing chamber to the induction pipe of an internal combustion engine.

7. In combination, a mixing chamber, a needle valve to proportion the admission of liquid fuel to the air entering the mixing chamber, a tubular member to receive the liquid fuel, means to heat said tubular member, means to cause the liquid fuel to Contact With the Walls of said tubular member, a converging nozzle in the outlet end of said tubular member, means to prevent the conduction of heat to the needle valve, and a valve to vary the flow of combustible mixture from the mixing chamber to the induction pipe of an internal combustion engine.

8. In combination, a mixing chamber, a needle valve actuated by a diaphragm to proportion the admission of liquid fuel to the air entering the mixing chamber, one side of said diaphragm valve being connected With the mixing chamber and the other side thereof being connected to the fuel supply so as to be exposed to the pressure of the liquid fuel, a

tubular member to receive the liquid fuel,

means to heat the tubular member, and a valve to vary the flow of combustible mixture from the mixing chamber to the induction pipe on an internal combustion enOine.

FRANK A. IRSTATTER. 

